Blood in Urine (Hematuria)

What is it?

Hematuria is a condition in which blood appears in the urine or is detected during a urine test. Sometimes the urine may look red, pink, or brown in color. In some cases, the blood may not be visible to the naked eye and is only detected during laboratory  testing. Hematuria can occur due to several reasons such as urinary tract infection, kidney stones, prostate problems, or other urinary tract conditions.

Main Symptoms

• Urine appearing red, pink, or brown
• Burning or pain during urination
• Frequent urination
• Pain in the lower back or abdomen
• Blood clots in urine

Sometimes hematuria may occur without any other noticeable symptoms.

Possible Causes

• Urinary tract infection (UTI)
• Kidney stones
• Enlarged prostate (BPH)
• Inflammation of the kidney or bladder
• Injury or trauma
• Certain medications

In rare cases, hematuria may also be a sign of kidney or bladder cancer,
so proper medical evaluation is important.

Diagnosis

To determine the exact cause, doctors may recommend the following tests:

• Urine routine test
• Urine culture
• Blood test
• Ultrasound KUB

In complex cases:

• CT Scan KUB
• Cystoscopy (camera examination of the bladder)

Treatment

Treatment depends on the underlying cause of hematuria.

1. Infection Treatment

If the cause is infection:

• Antibiotic medications
• Drinking plenty of water
• Medicines to reduce pain and burning

2. Stone Treatment

If kidney stones are the cause:

• Medications
• ESWL (Shock Wave Lithotripsy)
• URS or other procedures

3. Prostate Treatment

If bleeding occurs due to prostate enlargement:

• Medications
• Surgery if required

When to See a Doctor?

• Visible blood in urine
• Pain or burning during urination
• Severe pain in the lower back
• Repeated episodes of blood in urine

Prevention and Lifestyle Tips

• Drink adequate water
• Maintain proper hygiene to prevent infections
• Get regular health checkups
• Avoid smoking

What to Do Next?

• Book an appointment
• Consult a doctor for proper evaluation and treatment

For More Information

• European Association of Urology – Hematuria Guidelines
• American Urological Association – Hematuria Evaluation Guidelines
• Urological Society of India – Hematuria Management Recommendations